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CH_PRTY - Switzerland: Party voted for in last election
For which party did you vote at the last federal elections in October 2019?
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Note:
/ CH: Information about the parties in Switzerland in ISSP 2020
The last national elections were in 2019 and the categories were adjusted accordingly. Compared to ISSP 2019, three parties were removed from the list: 'Christian Social Party', 'Swiss Democrats', and 'Movement of the citizens of French-speaking Switzerland'. For Swiss standards, there are massive shifts in the 2019 parliamentary elections. Carried along by the new 'Green wave' in Europe, the left and right ecological parties ('Green Party' and 'Green Liberal Party') are the resounding winners of the 2019 parliamentary elections. The 'Swiss People’s Party' instead loses many votes and a big number of seats in the National Council.
Swiss People's Party (Right, conservative)
Founded in 1936 from an association of farmers and artisans, this party became more and more populist, especially its right wing. Since the 1990's, they adopted certain anti-foreigner positions from the far-right. In terms of share of total votes, they form the biggest Swiss party, while they are outreached by the Christian Democrats and the 'FDP.The Liberals' in terms of membership. Since 2016, they are represented with two members in the Federal Council (national government). After achieving their best result ever in the 2015 national elections with a share of total votes of 29.4 %, the party is the big loser in the 2019 national elections and has to give up 13 seats in the National Council. They form their own faction in an alliance with the 'Lega' (1 Seat) and the 'Federal Democratic Union' in a resulting total of 55 seats in the National Council (total: 200 seats). In the Council of States they've gained 6 out of 46 seats.
Social Democratic Party (Centre-left)
As a merge of several cantonal workers' parties, the Socialist/ Socialdemocratic Party has been founded in 1888. It is currently the most pro-European party in Switzerland. It ranks fourth in terms of membership, but is the second biggest party in terms of votes and seats (39) in the National Council. There, they form their own faction. In the Council of States they are represented with 9 seats.
FDP. The Liberals (Right, conservative)
After some years of political alliance between the Radicals and the much smaller Liberal Party, in January 2009, they merged to form the new party 'FDP.The Liberals'. The former FDP was founded in 1894, growing out of the liberal, radical and democratic movements that dominated the first decades of the federal state. The Liberal Party as well has roots going back as far as in the 19th century and was developed mainly in French-speaking Switzerland. Very much like its precursors, 'FDP. The Liberals' relies on classical liberalism. It has two members in the Federal Council and 29 seats in the National Council. With a number of 120.000, it has by far the most members of all Swiss parties. 'FDP.The Liberals' too, they form their own faction in the National Council and are assigned 12 seats in the Council of States.
Christian-Democratic People's Party (Centre-right, conservative)
This party has been founded by conservative Catholics, who lost the short civil war of 1847. Nevertheless, they are currently also present in Protestant cantons, with more eccentric positions. They claim for a social market economy. It is the second largest party in terms of membership, but the smallest of the four-party coalition governement. Together with the 'Evangelical People's Party' and the 'Conservative Democratic Party' they form the third largest faction (44 seats), in which they hold 38 seats. In the Council of States they are assigned 13 seats.
Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland (Centre right)
The 'Conservative Democratic Party' was created in November 2008 as a split of the 'Swiss People's Party'. The 'Swiss People's Party' (UDC, SVP) becoming more and more populist, a fraction of this party split from it, creating the more moderate 'Conservative Democratic Party of Switzerland'. They put forward conservative values and economic liberalism. In the 2019 parliamentary elections, the party loses 6 of its nine seats in the National Council and also its only seat in the Council of States. In the National Council, the party forms a faction together with the 'Christian-Democratic People's Party' and the 'Evangelical People's Party', in which they hold 3 seats.
Green Party (Left, centre left)
Born from the environmental movement, this party was founded in 1983 and gained strength throughout the 1980s. It is the strongest party not represented in the national executive government. In the 2019 parliamentary elections, the 'Green Party' gains a historic number of 17 seats, outpasses the 'Christian-Democratic People's Party' and is now the fourth strongest party. Never since 1919 has a party gained so many seats in a single election. They currently hold 28 seats in the national parliament and form a faction together with the 'Swiss Labour Party' (1 seat) and 'Solidarity' (1 seat). In the Council of States they are represented with 5 seats.
Green liberal party (Centre, liberal)
Founded in 2007, they immediately won a seat in the Council of the states and three in the National Council. Since then, they successfully expanded in the cantonal elections. Sharing the idea of environmentalism with the 'Green Party', its party program differs strongly with respect to regulation of the economy. It aims to combine moderate economic liberalism, liberalism on civil liberties and environmental sustainability. Just like the 'Green Party', the 'Green-Liberals' also gain many seats in the 2019 elections. They are now represented with 16 seats in the National Council and form their own faction.
Evangelical People's Party (Centre)
Founded in 1919, this small protestant party stands rather centre-left on some issues (redistribution, education, immigration, environment), but is conservative on others (abortion, family, euthanasia). The economic position is centrist. Alliance with the 'Christian Democrats', being in the same faction at the national level.
Federal Democratic Union (Far right)
The Christian, national-conservative Federal Democratic Union lost their only seat in parliament in the 2011 elections, while they won two seats in the 2003-election and one in 2007. They stand for value-oriented, biblical positions and strongly refuse European integration of Switzerland.
Lega dei Ticinesi (Far right)
Founded in 1991, this populist party refers to the model of the Italian 'Lega Lombarda'. It defends national conservative and isolationist positions and is one of the major parties in the Canton Ticino. With one seat in the National Council they belong to the 'Swiss People's Party' faction.
Swiss labour party (Far left)
This party was founded in 1944 by the illegal 'Communist Party of Switzerland'. They have one seat in the National parliament and belong to the faction of the 'Green Party'.
Solidarity (Far left)
'Solidarity' is an anticapitalist, ecologist and feminist party, present in French-speaking Switzerland, in the cantons of Geneva, Vaud, Neuchatel and Fribourg, as well as in the German Swiss canton of Basel. Solidarity refers to the anticapitalist, ecologist and feminist left. The organization advocates a revolutionary transformation of the society based on socialist bases and democratic values. The party invests a lot into social movements; its members militate actively in labor unions, in diverse associations of the labor movement, in anti-globalization movement and are active in many other activities in relation with the class struggle. In Switzerland, 'Solidarity' is a party associated with the 'Labour Party' (POP-PST) and the electoral coalition 'Ensemble a gauche' (EaG).
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