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Derivation of data:
The construction of Terwey's metaclassification of occupations proceeds in the following steps:
1) All respondents who are employed full-time or part-time are classified according to their own current occupation.
2) All respondents who were formerly employed full-time or part-time are categorized according to their last occupational status.
3) Only those married women and men who themselves have never been employed before are classified according to their spouses' occupation. If the spouse is a pupil/student, a housewife/househusband or doing compulsory military/alternative community service, classification is based on the father's occupation. For former ALLBUS-surveys the spouse's last occupation was used for categorization if the spouse was retired, unemployed or out of work for other reasons. As this information is not available since ALLBUS 1994, these cases are coded as not classifiable.
4) In previous ALLBUS-surveys, respondents who were widowed, divorced or living in separation and who had never been employed themselves, were categorized according to their previous spouse's occupation. As this information is not available since ALLBUS 1994, these cases are coded as not classifiable.
5) All unmarried respondents who have never been employed themselves are categorized using their father's occupation.
6) Insofar as they cannot be considered full-time or part-time employed in the sense of this metaclassification, respondents in compulsory military or alternative community service and those in vocational training represent a general exception. For these and for all other respondents who have no identifiable main occupation, the nearest possible occupational position is used. Married respondents in this group are, for example, categorized according to their spouses' current occupation or, if this is impossible, according to their fathers' occupation.
If a missing value ('Refused', 'Don't know' or 'No answer') appears within an occupation code relevant for metaclassification or if, for any other reason, occupational information does not permit a metaclassification according to a main occupation, the case is also coded as not classifiable.
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Occupational Prestige Scale
The occupational prestige scale is based on the ISCO-68 classification of occupations.
The prestige scores in this scale were derived from the results of empirical social research in various countries. Respondents in all participating countries were asked to evaluate a number of occupations according to relative prestige and social status. Based on these evaluations a scale of prestige scores with hypothetical extreme values of 0 and 100 was then created.
In general, respondents were assigned prestige scores according to the three digit ISCO-68 code of their occupation. When an appropriate ISCO code could not be determined, prestige scores were assigned according to the occupational minor group. When no appropriate occupational minor group could be determined, the mean prestige score of the occupational major group was assigned.
For further information on the prestige scale, compare:
Donald J. Treiman 1977: Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective, New York: Academic Press. (Hier insbesondere: Appendix A: Standard International Occupational Prestige)
Donald J. Treiman 1979: Begriff und Messung des Berufsprestiges in der international vergleichenden Mobilitätsforschung, in: Franz Urban Pappi (Hg.), Sozialstrukturanalysen mit Umfragedaten. Probleme der standardisierten Erfassung von Hintergrundsmerkmalen in allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfragen, Königstein/ Ts.: Athenäum, 124-168.
Christof Wolf 1995: Sozio-ökonomischer Status und berufliches Prestige. Ein kleines Kompendium sozialwissenschaftlicher Skalen auf Basis der beruflichen Stellung und Tätigkeit, in: ZUMA Nachrichten 19(37): 102-136.
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Derivation of data:
The construction of Terwey's metaclassification of occupations proceeds in the following steps:
1) All respondents who are employed full-time or part-time are classified according to their own current occupation.
2) All respondents who were formerly employed full-time or part-time are categorized according to their last occupational status.
3) Only those married women and men who themselves have never been employed before are classified according to their spouses' occupation. If the spouse is a pupil/student, a housewife/househusband or doing compulsory military/alternative community service, classification is based on the father's occupation. For former ALLBUS-surveys the spouse's last occupation was used for categorization if the spouse was retired, unemployed or out of work for other reasons. As this information is not available since ALLBUS 1994, these cases are coded as not classifiable.
4) In previous ALLBUS-surveys, respondents who were widowed, divorced or living in separation and who had never been employed themselves, were categorized according to their previous spouse's occupation. As this information is not available since ALLBUS 1994, these cases are coded as not classifiable.
5) All unmarried respondents who have never been employed themselves are categorized using their father's occupation.
6) Insofar as they cannot be considered full-time or part-time employed in the sense of this metaclassification, respondents in compulsory military or alternative community service and those in vocational training represent a general exception. For these and for all other respondents who have no identifiable main occupation, the nearest possible occupational position is used. Married respondents in this group are, for example, categorized according to their spouses' current occupation or, if this is impossible, according to their fathers' occupation.
If a missing value ('Refused', 'Don't know' or 'No answer') appears within an occupation code relevant for metaclassification or if, for any other reason, occupational information does not permit a metaclassification according to a main occupation, the case is also coded as not classifiable.
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Occupational Prestige Scale
The occupational prestige scale is based on the ISCO-68 classification of occupations.
The prestige scores in this scale were derived from the results of empirical social research in various countries. Respondents in all participating countries were asked to evaluate a number of occupations according to relative prestige and social status. Based on these evaluations a scale of prestige scores with hypothetical extreme values of 0 and 100 was then created.
In general, respondents were assigned prestige scores according to the three digit ISCO-68 code of their occupation. When an appropriate ISCO code could not be determined, prestige scores were assigned according to the occupational minor group. When no appropriate occupational minor group could be determined, the mean prestige score of the occupational major group was assigned.
For further information on the prestige scale, compare:
Donald J. Treiman 1977: Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective, New York: Academic Press. (Hier insbesondere: Appendix A: Standard International Occupational Prestige)
Donald J. Treiman 1979: Begriff und Messung des Berufsprestiges in der international vergleichenden Mobilitätsforschung, in: Franz Urban Pappi (Hg.), Sozialstrukturanalysen mit Umfragedaten. Probleme der standardisierten Erfassung von Hintergrundsmerkmalen in allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfragen, Königstein/ Ts.: Athenäum, 124-168.
Christof Wolf 1995: Sozio-ökonomischer Status und berufliches Prestige. Ein kleines Kompendium sozialwissenschaftlicher Skalen auf Basis der beruflichen Stellung und Tätigkeit, in: ZUMA Nachrichten 19(37): 102-136.
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Description of variable:
Metaclassification of occupation (ISCO 1968) according to Terwey, occupational prestige scale
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Note:
Metaclassification of Occupations
The metaclassification of occupations allows an indirect occupational classification, e.g. according to the profession or occupation of the respondent's spouse or father, for those respondents who do not participate in the labor force. Thus, the purpose of the metaclassification is to arrive at a description of the social circumstance and social positions of otherwise unclassifiable respondents by (indirectly) linking them to positions in the occupational system in a principled way.
Pappi himself points out that there is probably more than one way of constructing a metaclassification of occupations (Pappi 1979: 297). As an alternative to Pappi's rather male-centered operationalization (e.g. married women are classified according to their husbands' occupation, comp. V854-V862), Michael Terwey has developed a modified metaclassification scheme that gives more weight to women's direct social position (V863-V882). This more recent classification thus takes into account that in contemporary society it is more and more the individual's personal circumstance rather than his or her family's social capital that determines social position.
Literature:
Pappi, Franz Urban (ed.) 1979: Sozialstrukturanalysen mit Umfragedaten: Probleme der standardisierten Erfassung von Hintergrundsmerkmalen in allgemeinen Bevölkerungsumfragen, Königstein/Ts.: Athenäum.
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