d[Ca2+]idt=−(1000*iCa2*F*d)−([Ca2+]i∞−[Ca2+]iτr)(8) where, iCa is the inward Ca2+ flux due to voltage gated Ca2+ channels, d is the depth of the sub-membrane shell, [Ca2+]i∞ is the baseline Ca2+ concentration, F is the Faraday’s constant and τr is the time constant.