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?:abstract
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"Before industrialization, traditional communities – families, local neighborhoods, and
religious groups – were meant to safeguard their members from risks like poverty.
As the transition into industrialization produced new risks or generalized previously
limited risks, this fallback system turned out to be insufficient. Hence, post-traditional
communities, predominantly related to the labour movement, tried to offset the lack
of social security. But they were only successful to some extent. Therefore, step by
step the state created national social policy as a societal sort of prevention and
combat of misery. Today, the different versions of social protection form a multi-level
system characterizing the modern welfare state. Its status quo and its change may
be described adequately, using some main concepts of Classical Sociology, e.g.
“community”, “society”, or “solidarity”."[author`s abstract]
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