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?:abstract
  • The German party system has experienced a process of fragmentation since 1990, which is a consequence of several profound changes: The distance between German citizens and political parties has grown since unification, and the party leaderships in elected office have simultaneously continued to reduce their dependence on their parties' grassroots. The withdrawal of citizens from parties resembles the experience of other Western democracies: Voter turnout continued to decline after unification at an accelerated rate. Electoral volatility increased. Party identification and formal party membership declined. Engagement with political parties had always been lower in the Eastern parts of post-unification Germany. However, the Western pattern has gradually become more similar to the Eastern one since 1990. Indicators of the party elites' withdrawal from civil society include the growing reliance of German parties 'in public office' on state funding to increase their autonomy from their party organizations outside parliaments and governments. The post-unification party system has also witnessed the gradual digitalization of the public sphere, which has a potential further to strengthen party elites: The establishment of central databases, websites and communication tools are likely to have played their part in the domination of the parties' grassroots by their 'party in central office.' At the same time, however, the digitalization of party politics has expanded opportunities for more membership involvement: Digitalization has allowed parties to explore looser types of less formalized association and more extensive (if looser) membership participation. (xsd:string)
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  • (Politbarometer) (xsd:string)
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  • Politbarometer-Bibliography (xsd:string)
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  • 2022 (xsd:gyear)
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  • 2022 (xsd:gyear)
?:doi
  • 10.1007/978-3-030-97154-0_3 ()
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  • 103 (xsd:string)
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  • english (xsd:string)
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  • 9783030971533 ()
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  • 29476747 ()
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  • The German Party System Since 1990: From Incorporation to Fragmentation, Polarization and Weaker Ties (xsd:string)
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  • incollection (xsd:string)
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  • The Legacy and Impact of German Unification: The Elusive Dream of 'Flourishing Landscapes' (xsd:string)
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  • Bibsonomy (xsd:string)
  • In The Legacy and Impact of German Unification: The Elusive Dream of 'Flourishing Landscapes', edited by Oswald, Michael and Robertson, John, 103-131, Palgrave Macmillan, 2022 (xsd:string)
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  • Politbarometer (PB) (xsd:string)
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  • 2022 (xsd:string)
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  • 131 (xsd:string)
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