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  • This article analyzes the impact of majority runoff rules for the election of a president on party system polarization. Party system polarization is important since it can indicate the quality of party competition (Dalton 2008). According to Dalton (2008, 2), party system polarization reflects “the degree of ideological differentiation among political parties in a system”. Distinctions among parties based on their ideological orientations might contribute to the formation of programmatic and institutionalized party systems (Ponce 2012; Kitschelt et al. 2010), stronger partisanship (Lupu 2014), and greater political engagement (Abramowitz 2010; Hetherington 2007). Some scholarly work argues that these benefits might increase the quality of democracy (Baumer and Gold 2009; Wang 2012) and political stability (Maoz and Somer-Topcu 2010). For instance, Wang (2012) finds evidence that party system polarization is positively correlated to the level of a democracy in a country. Wang (2012) shows that while party system fractionalization is irrelevant to the prediction of the level of democracy, the effect of party system polarization is significant and robust. If runoff can affect party system polarization, it could ultimately change the institutionalization of the party system and the level of democracy. (xsd:string)
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  • Assessing Party System Polarization: The Role of Runoff (xsd:string)
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  • Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) (xsd:string)
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