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The main argument of this paper is that the level of institutionalization is a critical dimension for understanding party systems. Until the mid-1990s, the literature on parties and party systems neglected this fact, as most work on these subjects implicitly assumed a high level of institutionalization of the party system. Yet without focusing on institutionalization, it is impossible to account for important characteristics of party systems in most post-1978 democracies and semi-democracies. Voters, parties, and party systems in most post-1978 competitive regimes are qualitatively different from those of the advanced industrial democracies.
We focus on the first two dimensions of party system institutionalization that Mainwaring and Scully (1995) and Mainwaring (1999: 22-39) developed: the stability of interparty competition and the depth of party roots (or anchoring) in society. In these two dimensions, there are persistent and large differences in institutionalization between most post-1978 democracies and semi-democracies and the advanced industrial democracies. Most of the advanced industrial democracies exhibit far greater stability in interparty competition than most post-1978 democracies.
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Party System Institutionalization and Party System Theory: After the Third Wave of Democratization
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inproceedings
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101st Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association
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Bibsonomy
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In 101st Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, 33, 2005
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Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES)
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2005
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CSES
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Parties
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democracy
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