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This paper explores the relationship between pre-transfer income inequality, voter turnout, and redistribution. The paper reexamines Franzese’s finding that pre-transfer inequality increases redistribution when voter turnout is high, apparently because high turnout implies the presence of more poor – and presumably pro-redistributive – voters at the polls. The empirical analysis improves on the existing literature by directly measuring redistribution rather than using social spending as a proxy. This paper fails to find evidence that the effect of inequality on redistribution is contingent on voter turnout, moreover, even the unconditional effect of turnout disappears when controlling for possible endogeneity. An analysis of microlevel (survey) data suggests why the theoretical expectations are not supported empirically. While voting is biased against both poor and pro-redistributive voters, it is not biased against the left – quite the contrary. Thus, as voters vote for parties rather than for single issues, the salience of a non-economic issue in the election might split pro-redistributive voters at the poll, and thereby break the proposed association between turnout and redistribution.
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What If Robin Hood Is a Non-Voter? An Empirical Analysis of the Effect of Income Inequality and Voter Turnout on Redistribution
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38, 2015
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Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES)
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International Social Survey Programme (ISSP)
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