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?:abstract
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Aversion to immigrants was a defining issue in political debates about Brexit and
has grown into a major issue in many European Union nations. But if Britons are
not uniquely hostile, then Britain's exit from the EU may be only the first symptom
of enduring conflicts that will plague EU nations in future years. A well-established
indicator of prejudice – aversion to outgroups as a neighbours – shows that
prejudice against immigrants, other races, Muslims, Hindus, Jews, and Gypsies are
all relatively low in Britain. This is as expected from the general decline of prejudice
with socioeconomic development, leaving Britain similar to other prosperous EU
and Anglophone nations. Confirmatory factor analysis suggests a single latent
ethno-religious prejudice generates all these specific prejudices. Replication using
other measures of prejudice and another cross-national dataset confirms these
findings. Detailed analysis of Britain, Germany, the Netherlands, and the USA
shows that prejudice in the EU declined to a minimum in the mid-90s, perhaps
lower than elsewhere, but is now rising steadily, becoming higher than elsewhere.
Data are from the pooled World and European Values Surveys (over 450,000
individuals, 300 surveys, and 100 nations for this analysis). Analysis is by
descriptive, multi-level, and structural equation methods.
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