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Examples: [Collected via e-mail, December 2012] Curious about that new show on the discovery channel Amish mafia. Seems to be conflicting info about whether is a documentary, entirely fictional, partially true, based on partial truth etc. the show itself seems pretty absurd, somewhat believable at times but more curious about whether such groups actually exist within the Amish world.The Amish Mafia. After watching one episode I am wondering if this is a made for TV series, for entertainment purposes only, or if this is supposed to be a true story. There are several things about it that don't line up with what I know about the Amish. However, I also realize that things aren't always what they seem on the surface. A comment was made on Facebook about the series and I would like to find out the truth before I call the producer and state my objections Origins: On 12 December 2012, the Discovery Channel debuted the reality series Amish Mafia, a program which follows the exploits of Lebanon Levi, who, with his three assistants (Alvin, Jolin, and John), works as a fixer to protect the close-knit Amish community in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, tackling issues such as tracking down the driver of a car who ran into a buggy and confronting a community leader who has been engaging in regular liaisons with a prostitute at a motel: Untrusting of outside law enforcement, some Amish in Lancaster County, PA have for many years regularly turned to a small organized group of men for protection and justice. Discovery's new series Amish Mafia provides a first-ever look at the men who protect and maintain peace and order within the Amish community in Lancaster.Lebanon Levi is the Amish insider who holds the power and serves as protector of the community for a price. He exists above the law and occupies the role of police, judge and jury. Levi's team engages in a life outside of Amish and non-Amish community codes as he quietly exerts his influence and control. Levi's brand of order is precise as he seeks to keep outside forces from infiltrating the Amish community,while keeping the principles and morality within the community in check.Levi's team is lean and fearless. Alvin is Levi's right hand man and nobody gets to Levi without going through Alvin first. A lifelong friend, Alvin is at first glance an average passive Amish community member. However, he has a dark side, a past, and most importantly, Levi's complete trust. Alvin will protect Levi at any cost.Other group members include Jolin, a Mennonite who serves as Levi's foot soldier, and John, the youngest member of the group. As a non-Amish member of the group, Jolin has the freedom and ability to carry out punishments of all levels against offenders. John, the junior member of the group, is the son of the late former protector who maintained peace in the community for many years before Levi took power. John struggles with his desire to follow in his father's footsteps and take Levi's place as the head of the group.This is a side of Amish society that exists under the radar, and the Amish church denies the group's existence. Amish Mafia provides eyewitness accounts of the incidents, misdeeds and wrongdoings within the Amish community, as well as a rare look at Levi and his team members who work together to maintain harmony.Just how much reality (if any) is portrayed in Amish Mafia has been the subject of much debate, especially given that Discovery maintains the show portrays a side of Amish society that exists under the radar, and the Amish church denies the group's existence. The consensus of critics holds that the show is both fictional and fully scripted and exploits the reluctance of the Amish to publicly speak out about negative and unrealistic portrayals of their culture. The New York Times noted in a review of the series: The truth of the events portrayed in Breaking Amish has been widely contested, and the veracity of this new show is likely to be the subject of just as much debate. An early credit warns of select re-enactments, and since we're never later told whether we're watching staged scenes, it's fairly safe to assume that everything is staged. (A closing credit clarifies that re-creations are based on eyewitness accounts, testimonials and the legend of the 'Amish Mafia'.)The fictional vibe is reinforced by the clumsiness of the shakedowns, which seem stiff and awkward even for Amish country, and by the enthusiasm with which the four principals break the law on camera: shooting out a car window, cutting off a suspected adulterer’s buggy on the road and forcing their way into someone else’s motel room.Reality TV doesn’t get much cheaper or crasser than this, and just to clinch its rock-bottom status, the show fills out its picture of rural menace by momentarily citing the 2006 mass shooting at a Lancaster County Amish school. Mostly, though, it gives us repeated images of its rural desperados waving shotguns and assault rifles and making threatening gestures with baseball bats. (The only time a weapon is used in anger is against that defenseless windshield.)Mafia is supposedly about protecting the Amish, but of course the primary victims here are the Amish. What little tension the series generates depends on portraying them as backward and helpless, and on playing off their reputation for simplicity and rectitude by depicting them as philandering frauds. There’s some low comedy in the methods the mafia employ, staking out a motel like B-movie private eyes and enforcing church rules against adultery as if they were a Muslim morality squad administering Shariah law.David George expressed similar skepticism about Amish Mafia in Salon: I’m a native of Lancaster County and have an extended family full of Amish people. If the Amish mafia were as vital to peace in the county as Discovery suggests, someone like me — especially with my youthful strays off the straight-and-narrow — would at least have heard of these gangsters, if not have had a few run-ins with them.However, much as with Breaking Amish and other Amishploitation productions, the characters in Amish Mafia are misrepresented as having been plucked from the core of the Amish community when, in fact, the individuals involved are either on the outer periphery of Amish life, outright fabrications, or are vulnerable or classless enough to make for the kind of personalities TV audiences could find compelling regardless of religious or ethnic affiliations (the business of tabloid and reality television is premised on an ample supply of such people). In the case of Amish Mafia, thuggery and self-promotion certainly appear to be higher priorities of the featured bosses than the tenets of Amish religion.Lancaster Online tried to track down the bona fides of the Amish Mafia cast and found them lacking: Lebanon LeviOn the show: Levi is the leader with a criminal past who meets clients and other appointments inside a hay-lined barn office. His alleged rap sheet was displayed in the debut episode as proof.Reaction: Jeffrey Conrad, a local defense attorney and former prosecutor who has litigated scores of cases involving the Amish, said he asked his Amish connections directly about such a person.Who? they responded, according to Conrad. Across the board, no one heard of him.A little fuzz-yOn the show: Listed atop Levi's rap sheet and mentioned by a show narrator as the arresting agency is Lancaster County Police.Reaction: Hard to dispute, there is no such thing. There is a Lancaster City Bureau of Police, but no countywide force.Bad businessOn the show: Members of the mafia are shown walking out of local stores tucking away envelopes of money, allegedly earned by protecting local merchants.Reaction: At least one local business depicted in the show says it just isn't true. The business claims it never paid out protection fees.Down by the riverOn the show: Claiming to be based in the heart of Amish country — southcentral Lancaster County — one scene shows characters John and Esther chatting on a river bank.Reaction: Locals are shaking their heads at this one, too. Many recognized the backdrop as a riverside park in Columbia, where the Amish population is next to nil. Not to mention, the location is on the county's western edge, which would represent quite the hike in a horse-drawn buggy.One Columbia resident said: I actually saw them setting up for the scene at the Columbia River Park while I was working. Totally staged.As Elizabethtown College professor Donald Kraybill, a prominent researcher of Anabaptist culture, and others observed, genuine Amish folks wouldn't appear on camera, as the faith forbids it.Michael Shank took an even harsher view of the series in the Washington Post:
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