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In March 2016, a story about the purported last words and actions of a doomed Russian Special Forces officer went viral: According to the Russian news web site Pravda.ru, that officer, Lt. Alexander Prokhorenko, was acting as a joint terminal attack controller in Syria when he was surrounded by ISIS forces: According to reports published by Russian news media, Prokherenko was indeed killed in Palmyra in late March 2016: The Russian government had unequivocally and repeatedly denied that there were any combat forces, special or otherwise, participating in ground fighting in Palmyra, Syria, but that narrative was contradicted on 17 March 2016 when Amaq News Agency (an ISIS propaganda arm) published photographs that appeared to show dead Russian soldiers in Syria. Shortly thereafter, the Russian government publicly admitted that they had soldiers on the ground in and around Palmyra, and stories of the Russian Rambo, Prokherenko, began to appear in Russian news media: The purported transcript of Prokherenko's final words to his family and his country appeared not long afterward, but we've unable to track down either the original source of the transcript or a copy of the recording from which it was supposedly taken. Italian debunker David Puente has traced the story's online origin to a 26 March 2016 posting from a Facebook user who appears to be not in Russia, but in Bangladesh. The soldier who dies bravely fighting against impossible odds story is a common one in wartime, and it's true that wartime does bring out reserves of courage (and horrendous acts of cruelty) in people who are either unintentionally caught up or active participants in it. However, it's also true that conflict involves the spread of propaganda, whether it's about how brave your side is, or how cowardly and base the other side has become. Russia is a master at soft propaganda: the country has opened several news organizations (such as Russia Today and Sputnik News) that are owned and operated by its government and exist specifically to combat what they term biased international media — a common practice among countries who wish to improve their images outside their borders. (We note here that doomed last words transcripts have proved especially popular among readers, and that Pravda.ru has published its share of outlandish stories over the years, such as Aliens Forced Americans Out from the Moon, Time Machine Built in Europe, Russian Scientists Say, and Alien and Human Skulls Found on Mars.) The image of the hero soldier is a popular and effective one, particularly if the hero is an underdog 25-year-old with a beautiful pregnant wife at home (whose lavish and very polished wedding video just appeared online — uploaded by a Russian reporter — around the same time as this transcript), and who died in a courageous last stand against an enemy that is almost universally reviled. Of course, just because something makes a good story doesn't mean it's untrue. It's difficult to figure out which the case of 25-year-old Lieutenant Alexander Prokherenko might be: That he existed and was killed in Syria seems to be vetted information, but the information that surfaced afterward could either be genuine or an example of the news media serving as a battleground in yet another proxy war (this one of information), with each salvo playing out and reverberating in the English-language press, aided and abetted by news outlets that uncritically print stories guaranteed to bring in pageviews regardless of whether or not they are genuine.
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