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The rise to popularity of any new entertainment medium is inevitably followed by editorials decrying its inordinate influence on the public (usually for the worse), especially among children (also for the worse). Films, radio programs, comic books, pop music, television series, and video games have all been cited, at one time or another, as prompting socially unacceptable and criminal behavior among their youthful consumers. Such analyses are typically followed by others disclaiming the medium as the issue rather than the message, opining that all forms of entertainment can have either beneficial or deleterious effects on their audiences, depending upon the material presented rather than the medium used to convey it. Perhaps the most well known counter-example to the television is bad for children argument is one which was prompted by the 1970s sitcom Happy Days (which was set in the 1950s). In a fifth-season episode of that show (Hard Cover, also known as Fonzie Gets His Library Card, original air date 27 September 1977), Richie Cunningham complained to his good pal Fonzie that college life wasn't proving to be everything he expected of it — not only was he not dating, but he didn't even have a female companion to accompany him to the homecoming dance due to take place the following evening. Fonzie's solution was to recommend a trip to a local library, a site which he assured Richie was fertile hunting grounds for eligible young women. Soon enough, two memorable events took place amongst the stacks: Richie met Lori Beth Allen, the woman he would eventually marry, and Fonzie obtained a library card and checked out his very first book (along the way delivering a lecture on the importance of reading). We have no idea whether Happy Days sparked an increase in library-founded romances, but by the start of the series' seventh season the rumor was afloat (largely spurred by the series' producer) that its Hard Cover episode had prompted a tremendous rise in the issuance of library cards to youngsters: Surely this phenomenon was undeniable proof that a favorable message, presented appealingly in an entertainment medium, could have a positive effect. Parents (and educators) could hardly have hoped for a better outcome than that a TV show would prompt children to start spending more time reading (and, preferably, less time watching television): But did an episode of Happy Days really produce that beneficial result? Search as we might, we found no documentation that the American Library Association (or any other similar organization) reported a large increase in library card requests across the U.S. in the aftermath of a September 1977 Happy Days episode, and the earliest mention of this purported phenomenon came in a September 1979 Los Angeles Times article (quoted above) about the show's upcoming seventh season, in which it was routinely presented as fact. Moreover, the ALA itself notes in their online FAQ that not only were they unable to verify that any library organization or publication had reported such a claim, but that the data necessary to document that type of occurrence wasn't even available to them: Where did this alleged statistic come from, then? Maybe a clue can be found in the Los Angeles Times article in which it apparently first appeared. The subject of that 4 September 1979 column was that as Happy Days headed into its seventh season in 1979 with its originally youthful characters now matured into college men, the show was planning to take on a heavier tone, as exemplified by an upcoming episode featuring a bitter paraplegic martyr which tackled head on the issue of being wheelchair-trapped in a walking world: If a television producer were planning to take his formerly innocent sitcom into darker territory, to use it to get across some socially relevant messages to its audience, and to garner the respect and recognition of industry figures who were seemingly ignoring it, perhaps what better way to promote and justify those changes than to float a little stat supposedly demonstrating how tremendously influential the show had already proved itself to be? Or maybe (as was apparently the case with a legend associated with a Happy Days spinoff, Joanie Loves Chachi) the show's producer and actors innocently picked up a bit of apocrypha and repeated it as fact without any real knowledge of its veracity (or lack thereof). Either way, although it's possible that Fonzie's obtaining a library card inspired some young Happy Days viewers to do the same, the ALA reported no 500% nationwide increase in library card requests, nor did it have the means to have compiled or verified such a number.
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