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In September 2021, a number of news outlets reported on a new oral drug that was being developed by Pfizer to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. As these reports circulated online, some social media users jokingly dubbed the new drug Pfizermectin, a combination of the company's name and the drug ivermectin — a medication that was developed to treat parasite infections that has been the source of both confusion and controversy — and claimed that Pfizer was copying or cloning the drug. Before we get to Pfizermectin, let's look at why ivermectin has become controversial. Ivermectin is used to treat parasitic worms in both humans and farm animals. The developers of this drug won the Nobel Prize in 2015 after the drug was found to be quite successful at fighting River Blindness and Lymphatic Filariasis. While this drug has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a treatment for parasite infections, it has not been approved as a treatment for COVID-19. Some studies, however, have suggested that ivermectin may have potential as a treatment for COVID-19, but those studies have largely been inconclusive. This has still led some people to try to self-medicate with the drug, and in some cases, for people to self-medicate with the horse version of the drug. In short, ivermectin is not (yet) an approved treatment for COVID-19. No. The above-displayed tweet claims that Pfizer's new drug, PF-07321332, is simply ivermectin with a new name. That is not true. The tweet then claims that Pfizer is rebranding this drug so that it can make the medication more expensive. That's nonsensical. Those spreading this claim appear to be under the belief that Big Pharma is stealing an independently produced drug, partnering with government agencies to get the drug quickly approved, and then hiking up the price as it goes to market. But there are a few problems with this theory. For one, ivermectin is already produced by the Big Pharma company Merck. If Pfizer was truly copying this drug, it seems plausible that Merck would be pushing back in the press or in lawsuits. But that hasn't been the case. Furthermore, ivermectin is already an approved drug by the FDA for its originally intended use: to treat parasite infections. The drug has not been approved by the FDA to treat COVID-19 because the drug has not been proven to be an effective treatment against COVID-19. A more nuanced version of the Pfizermectin rumor claims that both Pfizer's new drug and ivermectin act as potent protease inhibitors, which, according to social media users, basically makes them the same drug. But that's not the case. Ivermectin was not developed as a protease inhibitor. This claim comes from a March 2021 study that investigated the efficacy of ivermectin as an antiviral drug. That study found that ivermectin was a blocker of viral replicase, protease and human TMPRSS2. But protease inhibitors are a class of antiviral drugs that have been used to treat HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C. In other words, there are several different drugs that act as a protease inhibitors (Protease is an enzyme in the body, according to Healthline, and Protease inhibitor drugs block the action of protease enzymes). Just because two drugs may perform a similar function does not mean that they interchangeable or identical. A spokesperson for Pfizer told us: Dr. Stephen Griffin, a virologist and associate professor at Leeds Institute of Medical Research, told Full Fact that Pfizer's new drug was nothing like ivermectin, and that the two drugs were extremely structurally different. Pfizer is currently conducting trials on a new oral drug, currently known as PF-07321332, to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. The company said in a statement that the novel oral antiviral candidate PF-07321332 would be co-administered with a low dose of ritonavir, another antiretroviral protease inhibitor, to prevent COVID-19 infections. Pfizer said in a statement: Protease inhibitors, like PF-07321332, are designed to block the activity of the main protease enzyme that the coronavirus needs to replicate. Dr. Mikael Dolsten, Pfizer's chief scientific officer and president for Worldwide Research, Development, said:
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