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In October 2020, many readers asked Snopes to examine the accuracy of social media posts that claimed Republican and former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie had advised U.S. President Donald Trump to provoke his Democratic rival Joe Biden into stuttering. (Biden has spoken publicly about being a stutterer throughout his life). Those posts were shared widely after Oct. 3, when Christie, an adviser to Trump in the 2016 and 2020 elections, announced he had tested positive for COVID-19. A typical version of the post read: Another widely shared version, posted on Sept. 29 after the first presidential debate, misspelled Christie's last name as Christy. A third version, posted after Christie's COVID-19 diagnosis, claimed that: On Oct. 6, the Democratic Coalition, a progressive campaigning organization, also tweeted a similar version of the claim. We did not find any publicly available source for the quotations attributed to Christie in those widely shared social media posts, and they appear to be, at best, paraphrases of an alleged broader Trump campaign debate strategy. It's unclear why they were attributed to Christie, in particular. The broader claim, that Christie had advised Trump to attempt to provoke Biden to stutter, appears to be based on earlier news reports that cited anonymous sources purportedly familiar with the president's debate preparations. On Sept. 4, 2020, three weeks before the first debate, Politico reported that Trump's debate advisers included Christie; campaign adviser Jason Miller; campaign manager Bill Stepien; White House Chief of Staff Mark Meadows; and Trump Senior Adviser Jared Kushner. According to the website, the team was split on whether or not the president should target Biden's stutter: On Sept. 29, the Washington Post cited another anonymous source as saying that Trump had been advised and was keen to make Biden stutter and stammer. The morning after the first presidential debate, State of New York Geneseo English professor Wes Kennison contributed to the narrative surrounding the Trump campaign's purported stutter strategy with a viral Facebook post in which he wrote: Politico and the Washington Post's descriptions of a stutter strategy came from unnamed sources, meaning we cannot verify that they are accurate. Similarly, we could find no source for the quotations attributed to Christie, in particular, in the social media posts highlighted above. Kennison's Facebook post, although undoubtedly enlightening, constitutes a non-expert inference of Trump's strategy based on one person's viewing of the debate. Snopes contacted both the Trump campaign and Christie's lobbying firm, asking for their responses to the allegations made in the widely shared social media posts and news reports highlighted above. We did not receive a response from either in time for publication. If we do, we will update this fact check accordingly. On Oct. 6, Christie appeared to refute the allegations, reportedly telling CNN host Jake Tapper that Biden's stutter never came up in Trump's debate preparations. It's difficult to think of any evidence that Christie or the Trump campaign could present that would demonstrate, in a satisfactory way, that they had not even discussed Biden's stutter as a potential strategic target in debates. They would have to prove a negative, in that respect. For obvious reasons, we cannot accept Christie's denial on its face, even though it has the distinct advantage of being on the record. Equally, we cannot accept the veracity of the anonymously sourced statements included in reports by Politico and the Washington Post, which directly contradict what Christie said later. Therefore, until evidence emerges which settles the dispute in one direction or the other, we are bound to issue a rating of Unproven.
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